Clinical benefits of unilateral adrenalectomy in patients with subclinical hypercortisolism due to adrenal incidentaloma. Results from a single center

Introduction: This study was designed to evaluate the results of unilateral laparoscopic adrenalectomy in patients with subclinical hypercortisolism (SH) due to adrenal incidentaloma (AI) concerning the main cardiometabolic disorders. Methods: We have studied between January 2000 to December 2015, 645 patients with AI (283 males and 362 females; mean age 61.9 ± 10 years) and we found 70 patients with SH (27 males and 43 females; mean age 61.9 ± 8.4 years). Twenty-six (37%) SH patients (6 males and 20 females; mean age 58.7 ± 7.1 years) underwent unilateral laparoscopic adrenalectomy, whereas 44 SH patients (21 males and 23 females; mean age 63.9 ± 9.9 years) performed a conservative treatment. All SH patients were evaluated at diagnosis and after follow-up (mean 12 months; range 9–15 months). Results: In only SH patients undergoing unilateral adrenalectomy we found a statistical significant reduction of the arterial hypertension and metabolic syndrome (p < 0.05, respectively). In particular we observed a reduction of 24-h systolic blood pressure and “non-dipper” pattern (p < 0.05, respectively) evaluated with ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). Conclusions: Our study confirm the high prevalence of SH in AI, and the unilateral laparoscopic adrenalectomy seemed to have a beneficial effect on some cardiometabolic disorders